Novel low-dielectric constant and soluble polyimides from diamines containing fluorene and pyridine unit

Polyimides (PI's) with low-dielectric constant and excellent organic solubility have broad application prospects in the electronic field. Herein, this study designed a series of novel, low dielectric, organic soluble PI films by creatively introducing fluorene and pyridine ring into diamine monomers. Because of the noncoplanar structure of fluorenyl and the polarization of pyridine ring, PI films achieved a low-dielectric constant (2.22–3.09 at 10 MHz) and excellent organic solubility. Even in some organic solvents with low-boiling points, these PI films still exhibited outstanding solubility. In addition, all the films possessed high-tensile strength (≈120 MPa) and excellent optical transparency (>70%, 450 nm). It was worth noting that the glass transition temperature of films was all above 280°C and 5% weight loss temperature (T_5%) was at 486–553°C. In general, the novel high-performance low-dielectric PI films are expected to be used in the field of microelectronics.     

Effect of biaxial strain and hydrostatic pressure on the magnetic properties of bilayer CrI3

Two-dimensional van der Waals magnetic materials are intriguing for applications in the future spintronics devices, so it is crucial to explore strategy to control the magnetic properties. Here, we carried out first-principles calculations and Monte Carlo simulations to investigate the effect of biaxial strain and hydrostatic pressure on the magnetic properties of the bilayer CrI₃. We found that the magnetic anisotropy, intralayer and interlayer exchange interactions, and Curie temperature can be tuned by biaxial strain and hydrostatic pressure. Large compressive biaxial strain may induce a ferromagneticto-antiferromagnetic transition of both CrI₃ layers. The hydrostatic pressure could enhance the intralayer exchange interaction significantly and hence largely boost the Curie temperature. The effect of the biaxial strain and hydrostatic pressure revealed in the bilayer CrI₃ may be generalized to other two-dimensional magnetic materials.     

Collisional dynamics of symmetric two-dimensional quantum droplets

The collisional dynamics of two symmetric droplets with equal intraspecies scattering lengths and particle number density for each component is studied by solving the corresponding extended Gross−Pitaevskii equation in two dimensions by including a logarithmic correction term in the usual contact interaction. We find the merging droplet after collision experiences a quadrupole oscillation in its shape and the oscillation period is found to be independent of the incidental momentum for small droplets. With increasing collision momentum the colliding droplets may separate into two, or even more, and finally into small pieces of droplets. For these dynamical phases we manage to present boundaries determined by the remnant particle number in the central area and the damped oscillation of the quadrupole mode. A stability peak for the existence of droplets emerges at the critical particle numberN_c ≃ 48 for the quasi-Gaussian and flat-top shapes of the droplets.     

加强型Bi-2212超导股线有限元拉伸性能分析

为探究加强型Bi-2212超导股线的力学性能以及不锈钢包带对超导股线力学性能的影响，运用Ansys软件建立加强型Bi-2212超导股线的三维模型，采用有限元分析方法，对其机械结构进行仿真，模拟高温高压热处理后轴向受拉形变量和应力应变分布情况。仿真结果显示，在同样施加100 N拉力的情况下，与超导原线（Bi-2212超导线）相比，密绕Ni₈₀Cr₂₀包带后的加强型Bi-2212超导股线轴向受拉形变程度减小，约10%;应力应变均降低，约30%。采用Ni₈₀Cr₂₀作为外包带制成的加强型Bi-2212超导股线力学性能显著，是未来超导线发展方向之一。     

The extremal irregularity of connected graphs with given number of pendant vertices

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal - The irregularity of a graph G = (V, E) is defined as the sum of imbalances ∣du ? dv∣ over all edges uv ∈ E, where du denotes the degree...     

Facile galvanic replacement deposition of nickel on copper substrate in deep eutectic solvent and its activation ability for electroless Ni–P plating

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - Electroless nickel-phosphorus plating is an important surface treatment method for copper due to its good corrosion resistance and nonmagnetic properties....     

基于DenseNet的散射成像景深拓展研究

针对拼接干涉测量技术除了引入拼接误差，还将引入机械运动误差的问题，为此提出一种X射线反射镜的非零位干涉测量方法，无需拼接便可实现零回程误差的高精度干涉测量。利用一块高精度平面镜来标定干涉系统在全视场范围内的回程误差。通过将待测非球面镜划分成多个子孔径，每个子孔径可近似看作一个平面，这样可以从标定数据库中找到该子孔径所对应的回程误差，通过简单的矩阵拼接可得到整个待测非球面镜的回程误差。以X射线椭圆柱面反射镜为例进行实验，实现X射线椭圆柱面反射镜非零位干涉测量面形的回程误差有效标定，相比于拼接干涉测量方法二者结果一致性较好，证实所提方法的正确性。     

Metal–Organic Framework (MOF)-Derived Carbon-Mediated Interfacial Reaction for the Synthesis of CeO2−MnO2 Catalysts

CeO₂-based catalysts are widely studied in catalysis fields. Developing one novel synthetic approach to increase the intimate contact between CeO₂ and secondary species is of particular importance for enhancing catalytic activities. Herein, an interfacial reaction between metal–organic framework (MOF)-derived carbon and KMnO₄ to synthesize CeO₂−MnO₂, in which carbon is derived from the pyrolysis of Ce-MOFs under an inert atmosphere, is described. The MOF-derived carbon is found to restrain the growth of CeO₂ crystallites under a high calcination temperature and, more importantly, intimate contact within CeO₂/C is conveyed to CeO₂/MnO₂ after the interfacial reaction; this is responsible for the high catalytic activity of CeO₂−MnO₂ towards CO oxidation.     

Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Pseudopteroxazole and Ileabethoxazole

Enantioselective total syntheses of pseudopteroxazole ( 1 ) and ileabethoxazole ( 2 ) are presented. The two original stereocenters were constructed in excellent enantioselectivity and good diastereoselectivity through Carreira's asymmetric dual catalytic allylation, which shows potential for accessing diastereoisomers at C2 and C3 of 1 and 2 . Cationic cyclizations of 13 and 24 demonstrated an effective pathway for the construction of the opposite configurations at C1 in 1 and 2 . Additionally, an approach for the introduction of methyl at C4 is a feasible solution for structural modifications at C4 in 1 and 2 .     

Reduction and pH dual‐responsive block copolymers containing pendent p‐nitrobenzyl carbamate functionalities: Synthesis and self‐assembly behavior

We report on the preparation of reduction‐responsive amphiphilic block copolymers containing pendent p‐nitrobenzyl carbamate (pNBC)‐caged primary amine moieties by reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) radical polymerization using a poly(ethylene glycol)‐based macro‐RAFT agent. The block copolymers self‐assembled to form micelles or vesicles in water, depending on the length of hydrophobic block. Triggered by a chemical reductant, sodium dithionite, the pNBC moieties decomposed through a cascade 1,6‐elimination and decarboxylation reactions to liberate primary amine groups of the linkages, resulting in the disruption of the assemblies. The reduction sensitivity of assemblies was affected by the length of hydrophobic block and the structure of amino acid‐derived linkers. Using hydrophobic dye Nile red (NR) as a model drug, the polymeric assemblies were used as nanocarriers to evaluate the potential for drug delivery. The NR‐loaded nanoparticles demonstrated a reduction‐triggered release profile. Moreover, the liberation of amine groups converted the reduction‐responsive polymer into a pH‐sensitive polymer with which an accelerated release of NR was observed by simultaneous application of reduction and pH triggers. It is expected that these reduction‐responsive block copolymers can offer a new platform for intracellular drug delivery. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 1333–1343